84
Official Chapter GuideNuclear reactors, boilers, machinery, and mechanical appliances; delineation of included and excluded items.
Tariff Landscape
Duty Trends
- Many machinery and appliance components within Chapter 84 are duty-free, especially when classified correctly. - Watch for specific items exposed to Section 301 tariffs (primarily from China) depending on current trade policies. - Steel and aluminum component parts may be subject to Section 232 tariffs. - Be vigilant of anti-dumping (ADD) and countervailing duties (CVD) on certain machinery depending on previous cases and sourcing countries.
Classification Strategy
Common Mistakes
- Misclassifying ceramic or glass machinery parts which belong to other chapters. - Confusion between machinery and parts from headings 8401-8424 and those from 8425-8480 due to dual-purpose machines. - Misinterpreting automatic data processing (ADP) machine components; some components need to remain classified outside of heading 8471 even if used within ADP systems.
Complex Areas
- Distinguishing between data processing machines and peripheral units can create classification errors due to multi-functional capabilities. - Identifying the right heading for machine tools that perform multiple operations; always check principal function and purpose.
Legal Framework
Executive Summary
Exclusions
- Excludes millstones or other articles of chapter 68. - Ceramic machinery or parts (chapter 69) are not covered. - Glass laboratory ware and technical use articles (heading 7017, 7019, or 7020) are excluded. - Articles of headings 7321, 7322 or similar base metal articles (chapters 74 to 81) are not included. - Excludes vacuum cleaners (heading 8508) and domestic appliances or digital cameras (heading 8525). - Radiators of section XVII and non-motorized floor sweepers (heading 9603) are excluded.
Specific Definitions
- Automatic data processing machines defined as those capable of storing and executing programs, being freely programmable, performing specified computations, and executing programs without human intervention (heading 8471). - 3D printing (additive manufacturing) involves creating objects layer by layer from digital models (heading 8485). - Pocket-size machines in heading 8470 do not exceed specified dimensions of 170 mm x 100 mm x 45 mm.