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04

Official Chapter Guide

Dairy products, birds' eggs, honey, and some animal-based edibles not otherwise classified.

Tariff Landscape

Overview

  • Most dairy products have specific duty levels influenced by quota and non-quota classification.
  • Licenses are often required for high quota items.
  • Section 301 tariffs may apply to specific dairy imports based on origin, particularly in response to geopolitical factors.
  • Goods often subject to additional supervision and compliance due to USTR regulations.

Classification Strategy

Advice

  • Misclassification issues often arise with products that add non-milk ingredients and still resemble traditional dairy.
  • Whey products and cheese derivatives can be confusing, particularly with lactose content thresholds.
  • Careful attention is needed when classifying products near the boundary of 0405 and other headings involving altered milk components.

Legal Framework

Executive Summary

Summary

  • Milk covers full cream to skimmed milk.
  • Yogurt can include additives but must retain yogurt's character.
  • Butter is natural or recombined with specific fat and moisture content.
  • Dairy spreads must only contain milkfat and have certain fat percentages.
  • Some whey products classified as cheese if meeting specific fat and dry matter criteria.
  • Excludes non-living insects (unfit for consumption), lactose-rich whey, altered milk products, certain proteins.
  • Insects classified as edible or in specific forms are included.

Exclusions

  • Non-living insects unfit for consumption.
  • Whey products with over 95% lactose.
  • Products replacing milk components with other substances.
  • Certain albumins and globulins.

Definitions

  • "Milk" includes all types from full to skimmed.
  • "Butter" must have 80-95% milkfat and under 16% water.
  • "Soft ripened cow's milk cheese" has specific fat and moisture requirements.

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